The United Nations Security Council voted 13-0-2 on Saturday to endorse the Islamabad-Muscat ceasefire architecture that ended six weeks of war between Iran, Israel and the United States, formalizing a verification regime in the Strait of Hormuz and authorizing a 12-month monitoring mandate that diplomats described as the most consequential Council action on Persian Gulf security in more than a decade.

Russia and Algeria abstained on Resolution 2782, which was drafted jointly by the United Kingdom, France and Pakistan and co-sponsored by Egypt, the United Arab Emirates and South Korea. China voted in favor after a flurry of last-minute amendments narrowed the resolution’s language on uranium enrichment thresholds and removed a reference to “automatic” sanctions snapback that Beijing had described as a red line.

The vote, held at a special Saturday session convened at the request of the Pakistani presidency of the Council, came ten days after the ceasefire took effect on Apr. 15 and three days after deputy foreign ministers in Muscat issued an interim communiqué outlining the monitoring architecture. It gives that architecture, until now operating on the basis of consent letters from Iran, Oman and the Gulf Cooperation Council, the formal legal backing of a Chapter VII resolution.

“The Council has done its part,” Pakistan’s Permanent Representative Munir Akram said in the chamber after the vote. “It is now for the parties, and for the wider region, to do theirs. A resolution is paper. Peace is built every day.”

Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, in a statement issued from Tehran shortly after the vote, welcomed the resolution as “a step in the right direction” but said its implementation would depend on the “good faith” of the United States and Israel and on the prompt lifting of wartime sanctions that he said continued to obstruct the work of Iranian inspectors and shipping operators. Araghchi reiterated Iran’s position that any expansion of the monitoring mandate beyond the 12-month window would require a new Council vote and Tehran’s express consent.

U.S. Ambassador to the UN Linda Thomas-Greenfield, who voted in favor, called the resolution “a floor, not a ceiling,” and said Washington would continue to press for verifiable limits on Iranian missile production and a fuller accounting of Tehran’s enriched uranium stockpile in subsequent rounds of the Muscat track. She said President Donald Trump had spoken by phone with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and with Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif on Friday evening to coordinate final positions ahead of the vote.

Russian Ambassador Vassily Nebenzia, explaining his abstention, said Moscow supported the ceasefire and the broader objective of regional stabilization but could not endorse a text that, in his view, “imported language” from the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action without restoring the obligations that the United States had abandoned when it withdrew from that accord in 2018. He said Russia would continue to engage constructively in the Muscat process and would host a separate bilateral track with Iran in Sochi in early May.

Algeria’s representative, Amar Bendjama, said his country had abstained out of concern that the resolution did not adequately address what he called the “underlying causes” of the war, including the absence of a parallel framework governing Israeli nuclear capabilities. He said Algiers nonetheless welcomed the cessation of hostilities and would support the work of UN monitors in the Strait.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s office issued a brief written statement after the vote saying Israel “takes note” of the resolution and would judge the architecture by its enforcement. The statement, attributed to spokesman Eylon Levy, did not endorse the text directly and made no reference to the verification provisions, an omission that two European diplomats said reflected continued unease within the Israeli security cabinet over the resolution’s silence on Iranian missile stockpiles.

The resolution authorizes the deployment of up to 240 UN monitors across four stations — at Bandar Abbas and Khasab in the Strait of Hormuz, at Hodeidah on the Red Sea coast of Yemen and at a fourth site to be determined in southern Iraq — and establishes a joint incident-deconfliction cell in Muscat to be staffed by officers from Pakistan, Egypt, Oman, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. It requests Secretary-General António Guterres to report to the Council every 60 days on compliance and authorizes the Council to take “further measures” in the event of material breach, language that diplomats said was deliberately ambiguous to accommodate both U.S. and Chinese preferences.

“This is the architecture the Gulf has been asking for since the first week of the war,” said Layla Hassan, a Beirut-based regional analyst at the Carnegie Middle East Center. “It is not a comprehensive settlement. It does not resolve the nuclear question. But it gives the ceasefire something it did not have a week ago, which is a legal spine.”

Hassan said the resolution’s most significant near-term effect would be on commercial shipping and insurance markets, which had begun pricing in a more durable cessation of hostilities but had withheld full normalization pending Council action. Lloyd’s of London on Friday lifted its war-risk surcharge for vessels transiting the Strait of Hormuz by an additional 15 percent, the third reduction since the ceasefire took effect, and Brent crude held below $96 a barrel in late trading Friday in New York.

In Tehran, state media gave the vote prominent but cautious coverage, with the official IRNA agency emphasizing Russia’s abstention and quoting an unnamed Foreign Ministry official as saying that Iran retained “all sovereign options” if the resolution was used as a vehicle for renewed pressure. Inside the Majlis, the speaker, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, told reporters that parliament would convene a closed session on Monday to review the text.

Secretary-General Guterres, addressing reporters at UN headquarters after the vote, said the first batch of additional monitors would deploy within ten days and that the deconfliction cell in Muscat would be operational by the end of next week. He said the Council’s action had given his office “a clear mandate” and pledged that the UN would carry it out “without favor and without delay.”

European Union foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas, who attended the session as an observer, said the bloc would convene a donors’ conference in Brussels on May 6 to fund the verification regime and a parallel humanitarian track for Iraq, Yemen and Iran. She estimated initial costs at roughly 480 million euros over the first year.

Diplomats said the next test would come in early May, when the Muscat track is expected to take up the question of sanctions sequencing and a possible second prisoner exchange involving Israeli and Iranian-held dual nationals. Council members were scheduled to receive a preliminary compliance report from Guterres no later than June 24.